Brain - based morphology and biological design of cognitive logic functions
How is a brain cognitive logic engine that drives the Homo sapiens and who
was responsible for all of our evolutionary and technological developments it
is necessary in terms of better use of the
resources at our disposal to get acquainted with the basics of its morphology
to functional level, and to recognize the functionality derived from the same.
This is essential to both for the development of
management techniques and the development of artificial intelligence, which
attempts to replicate the way our brain works.
Evolutionarily speaking, the brain has only two predefined functions:
·
Survival
and functions associated with it (90% of the time we live in this mode). This
mode is also called the local and linear logic, resulting in the savannas of
Africa - as defined by Peter Diamandis
·
Learning
and functions associated with it (only 10% of the time we live in this mental
mode)
There are several theories about how Homo sapiens reached a new level of
evolution that defines modern humans and they can be reduced to the following
several theories based on biological changes and / or conditions of life in
savannas of Africa where modern man evolved as a species:
·
Loss
of functionality of the limbs (monkeys as our closest animal relatives, has
four hands whereas due to changes caused by erecting (much higher load on a
handful rear legs caused the development of the
foot), while men have only two hands.
·
Upright
usually theory based on the theory of picking fruit has led to changes in
sexuality and therefore the social behavior of the group.
·
Running,
as a phenomenon related to escape from predators who live in the savannah,
which can not climb trees require the troubleshooting hyperventilation, and our
ancestors completely lost fur or body hair disappeared.
·
Increase
of sexuality - for the first time in the development of primates require the
consent of the females (the phenomenon psychosexual manipulation), for the
first time sexuality is based on an emotional rather than a fragrant level, and
male birds do not wait for the moment of fertility of females to try to
reproduce.
·
Development
of fist reached its evolutionary new qualitative
and quantitative level, which has caused that it became part of the body that
is able to create a tool, and thus civilization.
·
Changes
in eating habits, more animal food by the human
stomach could not digest so the food began to be digested before it reaches the
digestive tract - the emergence of cooked food, which led to a lot of phenomena
that our ancestors entered much more energy in the body and therefore more
energy needed to supply the brain with energy so
there was a change in the way the brain works and its further development.
·
The
disappearance of fragrant part of the brain that separates us as a species of
animal and its replacement by emotional parts of
the brain, the emergence of emotional beings.
·
Homo
Sapiens got molars which extended array of foods that could be used in food
·
Long time time to achieve independence and offspring
full maturity caused the social orientation of the groups, tribes, clans, and
therefore the division of labor and responsibilities
·
The use of tools and the creation of new tools
(irrespective of whether they were initially developed Homo Sapiens or
Neanderthal from which they were stole by our kind).
·
Mixing
with Neanderthals which contributed to the transmission of the disease to this
group and their disappearance from the evolutionary scene, ie, the release of
all natural resources by only one remaining evolutionary winner – a human.
·
•
Female brains of Homo sapiens (perhaps it was the same with Homo erectus and
Neanderthal) is programmed so that it deletes the men's success, and since the
species is not strictly related to the process of mating as in other animals
(other than chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans)
has already entered and the emotional element, resulting in the need to buck
again proves which is the basis for the progress of the species.
All these circumstances have led to further changes and evolution of the
brain grew by filling out a frontal cavity, and then forcing its frontal part
to deform and fold to a greater number of nerve cells, respectively, which
increased the mass of brain cells fit in the same space . Right here lies the
reason why so many distinguish not only from our ancestors (in terms of mental
capacity and abilities), but also our closest relatives - if developed frontal
cortex of the brain in humans and in apes man would be 4 times larger area, and
precisely in that part of the brain that was last created and in which are
stored all our cognitive abilities. Right here lies the answer to the
question whether it is possible further evolutionary development of the brain
as our most important organs. It is unlikely in the short evolutionary period,
because there is not enough free space for further growth of the masses, it is
likely scenario gradual evolutionary development that requires a much longer
period, because the processes of evolutionary development rather slow when
viewed in terms of the lifetime of a human being. The brain is like a body
evolved all the time in the existence of Homo sapiens. Today's brain is at its
mass and volume two times greater than that possessed by our ancestors. The
brain uses about 20% of the total energy of the body and through his work
developing energy substantiated that the amount of matter the size of a light
bulb lit.
Neuroscience divided to the brain hemispheres
with the following features:
·
The
left hemisphere of the brain is responsive to speech and logic
·
The
right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for the facility location, time, situational
orientation and personal decisions. It should also be noted that the right
hemisphere of the brain gathers information, but can not verbalize them (can
not speak), this accumulated knowledge can turn into something else (these
processes of knowledge acquisition in the right hemisphere are particularly
important until the child is not the first time speak because the knowledge of
the world that the child received in their non-verbal age remain guarded
throughout life and are the basis for intellectual activity in adults)
·
Each
hemisphere is responsible for motor skills diagonally positioned limbs (right
hemispheres - the left arm and a leg)
For all other unconscious, especially vegetative processes that are
constantly taking place in the brain is responsible hypothalamus that regulates
them. He is the only fully developed part of the brain when a child is born. In
it, there are reflex emotions that babies have. All others babies learn through
audio-visual inspection around the world in the months after they are born.
The amygdala, which will manage the by emotional
part of the person develops about 11 months, and about 12 child begins to
distinguish his mother from other women, it creates a special bond with his
mother, and somewhere in that period recognize itself in
the mirror, however, believes that time already developed self-awareness.
One of the misconceptions that the brain is not working or is working at
reduced capacity when the rest has been scientifically disproved in a way that
we now know that the brain is always working at 100% capacity. For that around
70% of the energy that we do not know what the brain uses often because he is
now in the literature is the name of the dark energy of the brain which leads
to the fact that we know about it about as little as the dark energy of the
universe.
Memory and the consequences of memory
One of the primary mental abilities developed during evolution and led to
the growth of the brain as the authority
responsible for the management of other parts of the body, but also to interact
with the environment, it is memory. Memory is developed slowly, evolutionarily
speaking, but it was one of the main strategies of survival because the animals
may have more to remember and could better create and use mind maps, and are
therefore more able in nature. It is known, for example, that the fish catfish
has the ability to remember only the last two seconds, however, this animal
happens to repeatedly attach the hook the same in just a few minutes, because it
is not able to remember and then the perceived danger. This property has
been of crucial importance to all primates, and they all organisms develop
through evolutionary development. On the other hand the phenomenon of
uncontrolled memory large amounts of information quickly be brought to overload
the nervous system and the collapse of the body, it was necessary to develop
our ancestors and mental capacity to delete unnecessary information and
cancellation of only those that are most essential to them in terms of
evolutionary advantage. Natural concepts and strategies of survival were
such that the number of synapses and neural connections, and the size of the
processor as it increased the capacity of the same, which may explain the
evolution of the brain and its morphological differences compared to our
ancestors and animal relatives, while as this gradual process, should find a
more efficient method to achieve results in terms of conservation of the
species and is scratched deletion probably originated as a natural response to
the need of harmonizing neurophysiological processing capacity and the capacity
of our senses and transmission networks of nerve cells.
Modern Homo Sapiens memory stored in different parts of the brain possesses
a neuro cortex control mechanism to access and control, and delete them.
Problem neuro cortex when it comes to memory is reflected in the fact that this
part of the brain is trying to the best moments in life keep forever, or so it
is repeated in the form of memories, or tends to create impulses that led to
repeat or creates a need / predisposed to the use of chemical supplements to
restore it at a given state. On the other hand, speaking about the
emotional side of the human personality is no other mechanism almost vegetative
memory of emotions based on the work of the amygdala. The amygdala is the
emotional well which can not be discharged, and which in some people in very
old age overload leading to grumpiness and the anxiety for the same. A
particular problem of memory represents the memory of emotional states (not
just events), because emotions must be aversive to the remembered - when you
would not be aversive would not remembered so
could not cause a movement towards better - which is the main driving force
development of human civilization.
Physiology and morphology of the brain
Feeding the brain consumes nearly a quarter of oxygen and glucose to 2/3,
for which the evolution of nature created even 2,000 kilometers long network of
blood vessels in the brain. At the same time it is important to emphasize that
processes such hiopooxia and ischemia (reduced blood volume in the brain) may
seriously and quickly compromise the functioning of the brain and lead to
death. For 4 to 5 minutes after it left without sufficient amounts of blood and
nerve cells deteriorate more in 10 minutes will be followed by death. 10-15% of
people die in the world every year due to inadequate supply of blood to the
brain that occurs due to atrophy and deterioration of blood vessels due to age
ie, cracking capillaries and brain haemorrhage.
It is important to note that in the development of brain and nerve pathways
neurons adhere to a clear development schemes to find that the first connecting
vertically and then horizontally. Nerve cells migrate guided by chemical
signals from our DNA until they arrive at a precise location in the body where
they will settle permanently. Thus formed the nervous system extends from the
brain and spinal cord to all the nerve endings, or sensory cells. During the evolution
of the nerve cell synapses model developed to ensure connectivity of nerve
cells.
Data transmitted on the outer world of the senses to the brain through the
electrochemical reaction, ie, by bioelectrical currents and chemical reactions
that occur at synapses where pulses are transmitted to the biochemical control
of packets of information that are transferred (only the appropriate molecules
that correspond to the key chemical standpoint can continue way through the
membranes of nerve cells). In order to ensure that it reaches the
junction of nerve cells, which could result from uncontrolled nerve
electrochemical reaction in the brain (what normally happens during an
epileptic seizure) nerve cells are wrapped Swann cells that serve as insulators
and prevent short contacts between nerve cells , both of which stimulates white
brain mass.
It is important to note that the opinion of the chemical process by its
nature, and that the brain during thinking process uses different parts of the
brain, and that it is therefore necessary to divert blood in those brain
regions, respectively, to the blood stream of opinion is being redirected to
regions that are accountable for the creation of intentions and decision-making
in the brain. Repeating some turns of thought leads to frequent
redirection of blood in the respective regions, and better blood circulation in
the given region, and to the creation of "hardware base" for easier
use given parts of the brain. This may be explained by a learning process,
whether it is a motor or consciously learning. The same process is repeated
when it comes to habits. On the morphological level of observing things
habits that we are nothing more than establishing paths (routes of chemical and
bioelectrical reactions and electric sparks) in
our nervous system. Repeating some decisions strengthens the structure of the
hardware path (build reliable neuro chemist
infrastructure). Habits create a permanent path in our brain and we can
be relieved only by creating other alternative path (here encourages and
neuro-psychological opinion that for any habit we want to change we need to
create a suitable replacement).
The basics of hypnosis theory of mind
The basics of hypnosis based on a theory of mind that psychologists
explained as follows. Everything that happens to us (and there is), we observe
the basic processes that take place in waving mind. The basic processes are the
process of identification and associations that bind to the previous
experience, ie, mind folder where it comes from a reaction to events in the
environment. A person reacts when you connect femomen who has identified with
the one in the mind map. At lower levels of the evolutionary development
of human beings have developed primitive mind that controls the basic reactions
stimuli from the external environment and makes
the decision "fight" or "flee" (these are the basic
decisions related to biological survival strategies). Since children are born
without a fully formed brain development of critical thinking process is
rounded up around 9 years old. Thus formed
the mind made up 88% of the unconscious, and only 12% of conscious mental
processes, what is the opinion that all mechanisms such as logic, common sense
and rational thinking and decision-making processes. Since the mind is most
often defined as software that is installed on the hardware called brain to him
in addition to psychological connections that are created in the mind affect
the biochemical processes that occur in the brain. As previously
explained that the mind could not work interactively is necessary that the
amount of information that the brain processes reduced to an acceptable level,
ie. the one that is it possible that the nerve cells of the brain processing in real time. For this it is necessary that
the filters exist and the messages that are sent to the brain for processing to
be structured, depending on the information that should be processed. So
we can say that packages the message depends on the environment, the body, the
conscious and subconscious thought processes of mental process. Only packages
processed (classified) according to these criteria, the brain can process. As
the number of information that we want to transmit and process the brain is
growing so we come to the turning point when the brain is no longer able to
receive and process new information, and mental filters that are in place to
reduce the number of information which a critical part of the mind processes
the fall (they become inactive), which results in that new information due to
the brain due to the processing without passing through the filters, and the
person becomes susceptible to suggestion as a basis for the application of
hypnosis, which basically is nothing more than unimpeded access (/ direct
access to) certain parts of the brain, ie, the mind.
Each person is able to recognize themselves in a mirror, but in this image
also has an internal image of themselves that is skewed so that each person is
different sensory and motor pegman, which is of
vital importance for the orientation and functioning of people, especially in
terms of motor functions of the organism and the ability of orientation in
space.
The human experience of reality would soon be described as follows: when an
external event occurs, we first create an internal (or private or personal) the
performance of the event (or abbreviated: I/P). The I/P is then combined with
our physiology and to finally create something we call the state. When we say
"state" we mean the emotional state of the individual. And so, when you consider that the life of
man is nothing else than a big variety of different conditions in which enters,
then the value of understanding the components that influence the creation of
these conditions becomes more than obvious. The situation in which you are
currently located is a combination of your internal pictures, sounds, feelings
and inner dialogue. Also any other state in which you can find also the result
of these factors.
Deleting the ability of the mind to create a mental picture of focusing on
a relatively small number of key details while excluding all non-essential
elements of reality. It is estimated that in one second our nerves to the brain
transmit impulses around 4,000,000,000, while our consciousness is only
processed around 2,000 pulses transmitted. When there would be no
deletion of awareness would have to deal with the information overload that it has no the capacity (we remind you that so far the
most accurate estimates say that the human brain can handle 7 bit per second)
with a delay, which would be increased over time so
our consciousness is no longer dealt a reality than the past, which would lead to the fact that such a
body to the Darwinian laws of nature could not exist - or would have to disappear
and be replaced by more successful species that are better adapted to reality.
Neuroplasticity of the brain is enabled:
·
chemical
changes
·
Structural changes
·
Functional
changes
It should be noted that the latest research shows that short-term memory
based on current chemical changes in the brain, while the long-term memory
certain structural changes in the brain that are manifested in the
establishment of new connections between the regions and of certain parts of
the brain. The question is what are the limits of neuroplasticity? For now
there is no answer to this question. What we know today is that the brain is
capable of neuroplasticity, or the transformation in the physiology and
structure throughout a person's life. Neuroscientists have found that
the brain determines everything you do and everything you are not working, and
the best way to neuroplasticity behavior (behavioral changes cause changes in
the brain). Also for neuroplasticity is also significant exercise (which is the
second most influential factor in neuroplasticity).
